Boundary result · sharp representation and output costs

FPRD-SH-B09

Search, quotienting, and arithmetic have different exponential boundaries

Exact statement

The canonical hub quotient can have all 2γ2^\gamma conflict classes, and only γ+1\gamma+1 pairwise-disjoint supports already give 2γ+12^{\gamma+1} XCC solutions. Explicit quotient materialization and solution enumeration can require exponential size. Neither construction proves that arithmetic evaluation requires 2Ω(γ)2^{\Omega(\gamma)} time.

StatusExplicit constructions and exact formulas proved
External reviewNo documented external or specialist review of these FPRD results is recorded.

Context

Dancing Links is output-sensitive, while the desired result is a number; those costs differ.

Proof or evidence

Uniform families realize every conflict mask; disjoint supports realize every XCC subset on linear input.

Verification notes

Quotient sharpness is checked through diversity 8 and output sharpness through diversity 12.

Limitations

  • The quotient construction lists exponentially many hub supports.
  • The output family has a closed arithmetic formula.

Open work

Do not claim an arithmetic lower bound without a separate parameterized reduction.